Being that there are so many terms that get used when talking about any disease or condition I have began to list terms that are related to CF below. These terms can be explored further but they are briefly described in relation to Cystic Fibrosis.
ADEK: refers to Vitamins A, D, E and K are the fat-soluble (vs. water-soluble) vitamins. Fat-soluble vitamins are important to the body for general good health, daily repair of the body cells and functioning of the organs.
Aerosol: a mist for inhalation, usually containing medicine.
Aminoglycosides: a class of antibiotics that are known to be affective for treating gram negative bacteria such a pseudomonas. Examples: Tobramycin and Gentamycin.
Aspergillius: Is an infection caused by a type of mold. The illnesses resulting from aspergillosis infection usually affect the respiratory system, but their signs and severity vary greatly. The mold that triggers the illnesses, aspergillus, is everywhere, indoors and outdoors. Most strains of this mold are harmless, but a few can cause serious illnesses when people with weakened immune systems, underlying lung disease or asthma inhale their spores.
Barrel-chest: refers to an increase in the anterior posterior diameter of the chest wall resembling the shape of a barrel.
Bronchoscopy: is a procedure that allows your doctor to look at your airway through a thin viewing instrument called a bronchoscope. Which allows your doctor to examine your throat, larynx , trachea, and lower airways
BMI: A measurement comparing fat to muscle in the human body. Weight in kilograms is divided by height in meters to figure out the degree of nutritional health, such as determining malnutrition or obesity.
Burkholderia Cepacia: a type of bacteria that can occur in CF. There are 5 strains, each one with different degrees of clinical impact. B. cepacia can be very contagious or lethal, depending on the strain.
Clubbing: is when the fingertips and fingernails spread out and become rounder due to a decrease of the amount oxygen in the blood. Most common in those with heart and lung disorders.
Cystic Fibrosis: is a life-threatening genetic disease that causes mucus to build up and clog some of the organs in the body, particularly the lungs and pancreas. When mucus clogs the lungs, it can make breathing very difficult. The thick mucus also causes bacteria (or germs) to get stuck in the airways, which causes inflammation (or swelling) and infections that lead to lung damage.
Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes (CFRD): is diabetes. Type 1 (insulin-dependent or juvenile-onset) diabetes the can't make insulin and in Type 2 (non-insulin dependent or adult-onset) the body lacks normal responses to insulin and doesn't make enough. However, in CFRD the body can't make or use insulin. CFRD shares features of both Type 1 and Type 2. CFRD is a unique type of diabetes. In CF patients 75% of adults have some form of glucose intolerance and 15% have CFRD.
Enzymes: Proteins that help make and increase certain chemical processes in the body, like the breaking down of foods in digestion. Because people with CF have mucus that often blocks the passageways (or ducts) through which digestive enzymes from the pancreas flow, they may need enzyme replacements to digest food. I currently take Zenpep.
FEV1 (Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second): the maximal amount of air you can forcefully exhale in one second. It is then reported as a percentage of normal (a comparable person without lung disease). For example, your FEV1 may be 80% of predicted, based on your height, weight, and race. It is measured during spirometry or pulmonary function testing.
Fibrosis: the formation of excess fibrous connective tissue leading to scarring.
G-tube (J-tube, button): a feeding tube placed through the abdominal wall into the stomach or intestine for supplemental nutrition.
Hemoptysis: coughing up blood, or bloody mucus from the lungs.
Mucus: the slimy fluid secreted in many glands of the body which protects and lubricates.
Nebulizer: a device used with an air compressor that turns liquid medication into a mist so that it can be inhaled directly into the lungs through a mask or mouthpiece.
Orkambi: is a prescription medication used for the treatment of Cystic Fibrosis in patients age 6 years and older who have two copies of F508del mutation in their CFTR gene.
Orphan Disease: is a rare disease that affects a small percentage of the population. However, there is no single cutoff that had been agreed upon. The US government says 200,000 or less.
Pulmonary Function Tests (PFT's): Tests to check lung function. Along with the patient’s history and physical exam, PFTs help doctors diagnose a health problem, and decide what therapy to prescribe. They can be used with children five years and older. PFTs measure air flow and lung volumes.
Sweat Test: A test to diagnose CF. Measures the salt (sodium and chloride) in sweat.
ADEK: refers to Vitamins A, D, E and K are the fat-soluble (vs. water-soluble) vitamins. Fat-soluble vitamins are important to the body for general good health, daily repair of the body cells and functioning of the organs.
Aerosol: a mist for inhalation, usually containing medicine.
Aminoglycosides: a class of antibiotics that are known to be affective for treating gram negative bacteria such a pseudomonas. Examples: Tobramycin and Gentamycin.
Aspergillius: Is an infection caused by a type of mold. The illnesses resulting from aspergillosis infection usually affect the respiratory system, but their signs and severity vary greatly. The mold that triggers the illnesses, aspergillus, is everywhere, indoors and outdoors. Most strains of this mold are harmless, but a few can cause serious illnesses when people with weakened immune systems, underlying lung disease or asthma inhale their spores.
Barrel-chest: refers to an increase in the anterior posterior diameter of the chest wall resembling the shape of a barrel.
Bronchoscopy: is a procedure that allows your doctor to look at your airway through a thin viewing instrument called a bronchoscope. Which allows your doctor to examine your throat, larynx , trachea, and lower airways
BMI: A measurement comparing fat to muscle in the human body. Weight in kilograms is divided by height in meters to figure out the degree of nutritional health, such as determining malnutrition or obesity.
Burkholderia Cepacia: a type of bacteria that can occur in CF. There are 5 strains, each one with different degrees of clinical impact. B. cepacia can be very contagious or lethal, depending on the strain.
Clubbing: is when the fingertips and fingernails spread out and become rounder due to a decrease of the amount oxygen in the blood. Most common in those with heart and lung disorders.
Cystic Fibrosis: is a life-threatening genetic disease that causes mucus to build up and clog some of the organs in the body, particularly the lungs and pancreas. When mucus clogs the lungs, it can make breathing very difficult. The thick mucus also causes bacteria (or germs) to get stuck in the airways, which causes inflammation (or swelling) and infections that lead to lung damage.
Mucus also can block the digestive tract and pancreas. The mucus stops digestive enzymes from getting to the intestines. The body needs these enzymes to break down food, which provides important nutrients to help people grow and stay healthy. People with cystic fibrosis often need to replace these enzymes with medicine they take with their meals and snacks, which helps them digest food and get proper nutrition.
FEV1 (Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second): the maximal amount of air you can forcefully exhale in one second. It is then reported as a percentage of normal (a comparable person without lung disease). For example, your FEV1 may be 80% of predicted, based on your height, weight, and race. It is measured during spirometry or pulmonary function testing.
Fibrosis: the formation of excess fibrous connective tissue leading to scarring.
G-tube (J-tube, button): a feeding tube placed through the abdominal wall into the stomach or intestine for supplemental nutrition.
Hemoptysis: coughing up blood, or bloody mucus from the lungs.
Mucus: the slimy fluid secreted in many glands of the body which protects and lubricates.
Nebulizer: a device used with an air compressor that turns liquid medication into a mist so that it can be inhaled directly into the lungs through a mask or mouthpiece.
Orkambi: is a prescription medication used for the treatment of Cystic Fibrosis in patients age 6 years and older who have two copies of F508del mutation in their CFTR gene.
Orphan Disease: is a rare disease that affects a small percentage of the population. However, there is no single cutoff that had been agreed upon. The US government says 200,000 or less.
Pulmonary Function Tests (PFT's): Tests to check lung function. Along with the patient’s history and physical exam, PFTs help doctors diagnose a health problem, and decide what therapy to prescribe. They can be used with children five years and older. PFTs measure air flow and lung volumes.
Sweat Test: A test to diagnose CF. Measures the salt (sodium and chloride) in sweat.
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